What is the difference between guilt and shame, and how are they formed?

Guilt and shame are complex emotions that are not innate but rather learned through social interactions and upbringing. Guilt arises from a sense of having done something wrong, while shame is often linked to the perception of oneself as flawed or unworthy. The speaker explains that these emotions are constructed in the cortex and require social context to develop. Understanding their origins is crucial for addressing and potentially reshaping these feelings.